Introduction
Irritable bowel syndrome, commonly referred to as IBS, is a functional disorder of the colon or bowel, characterized by reoccurring disturbances of intestinal/gut motility (motor function), sensation, and secretion. These disturbances result in abdominal pain and a change in frequency of bowel movements such as constipation or diarrhea. The disorder affects 10-20% of the population, often beginning in early adulthood and is most predominantly found in women. Individuals suffering from IBS have a sensitive, irritable bowel which can be reactive to certain foods and medications, large meals, caffeine, alcohol and stress.
There are no structural abnormalities, diseases, or infections in people with IBS and the symptoms are due to abnormal bowel function. As such the disorder appears to be the result of impaired interactions between the brain and the bowel, causing a disturbance in the normal regulation of intestinal contractions (movement) and increasing nerve sensitivity in this region. There is no test to diagnose IBS and individual cases are determined by hallmark symptoms and the absence of other diseases. The disorder does not cause physical damage to the digestive system and does not lead to disease, infection or cancer.
The syndrome is a chronic condition that has intermittent symptoms such that suffers will continue to have IBS but their symptoms will come and go. Symptoms vary in nature and severity between individuals and are not life threatening but can be very embarrassing and disruptive to normal daily activities. There is no cure for IBS but patients can manage their symptoms with a range of medications and by maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle.